项目经济性
PPA 购电协议
缩写：: Power Purchase Agreement
摘要
长期售电合同（固定价），大型光伏融资核心工具。
详细解释
A Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) is a contract where an off-taker (utility, corporate buyer, or government) commits to buy electricity from a solar plant at a fixed price (or inflation-linked) for 10-25 years. PPAs provide the revenue certainty banks need to finance solar projects. Two types: (1) Physical PPA — actual electrons delivered; (2) Virtual PPA / VPPA — financial contract settled against spot prices. Corporate PPAs (Google, Amazon, Microsoft buying solar) drove record US/EU deployment 2022-2025.